Product Information
<h2>Q. David Bowers</h2>The following narrative, with minor editing, is from my "Silver Dollars & Trade Dollars of the United States: A Complete Encyclopedia" (Wolfeboro, NH: Bowers and Merena Galleries, Inc., 1993).<br/><br/>Coinage Context<br/><br/>The 1923 Peace dollar mintage is the second largest in the series, after the record-breaking 1922. There was no need for more Peace dollars in circulation, for dollars were not popular in commerce in the East; thus, most went into storage. <br/>Numismatic Information<br/><br/>Once rare: Apparently, relatively few 1923 Peace dollars were released within a few years of striking. However, the issue was not considered to be rare. By the 1930s, the 1923 Peace dollar was believed to be a common date, and little attention was paid to it. <br/>On the numismatic market of the early 1940s it was slightly on the rare side and was often absent from dealer offerings. In 1945 at the sale of the Frederick C.C. Boyd Collection (billed as "The World's Greatest Collection" by the auctioneer, the Numismatic Gallery) an Uncirculated 1923 crossed the block at $9, outranking in price all other Peace dollars. This was twice the price of $4.50 registered by the 1934-S. At the time the 1925 Peace dollar, also later to become extremely common, fetched $6, the second highest price for a coin of this design type. <br/><br/>Quantities were distributed through Eastern banks a couple of years later, and by mid-1947 the 1923 Peace dollar had fallen from its height and was solidly ensconced in the common date category. An Uncirculated piece fetched only $2.75 in B. Max Mehl's mail bid sale of the Will W. Neil Collection, an event which saw a 1934-S soar to $13.50. If there was one constant in the Peace dollar market in the 1940s, that constant was change: many different varieties went from common to rare and back to common again, or from rare to common, or, in the instance of the 1934-S, from common to rare and stayed there. The market did not stand still. <br/>Bags of 1923 dollars were readily available from November 1945 (when dozens of bags were turned loose through Chicago banks) through at least the late 1950s. These piled up in Eastern and Midwestern bank vaults and were ignored by just about everyone, including dealer specialists in dollars. <br/><br/>Hoard coins: Bags of 1923 Peace dollars descended upon the channels of commerce in the mid-1940s. Bags remained common in bank holdings until the early 1960s and were paid out by the Treasury until the early months of 1964. After that, they remained common in the hands of investors (in particular) and dealers. <br/><br/>In all grades from well-worn to high-grade Mint State, the 1923 may account for 5% to 10% of the silver dollars in existence today, Wayne Miller suggested in his 1982 text on the subject. <br/><br/>Circulated grades: The 1923 Peace dollar is extremely common in VF-20 to AU-58 grades, and with the 1922, 1924, and 1925, is one of the most plentiful of all Philadelphia Mint Peace issues. <br/><br/>Mint State grades: The 1923 Peace dollar is very plentiful in Mint State, in all grades from MS-60 through MS-65 or even higher. In fact, it may well be the commonest of all Uncirculated Peace dollars. <br/><br/>Many 1923 Peace dollars, like those dated 1922 and like certain other coins of the era, are often seen with milky-white spots that are virtually impossible to remove. These are believed to be the residue from dilute sulfuric acid at the Mint. Some coins have yellowish stains, particularly around the rims. <br/><br/>The typical 1923 Peace dollar is well struck and has nice, frosty mint lustre. One does not have to cherrypick to find an aesthetically pleasing specimen of this date. For this reason, it is a good "starter coin" for a collection. Moreover, the 1923 is one of the least expensive dates. <br/><br/>Many coins are bagmarked and/or stained, but enough others exist, that such impaired pieces can be ignoredProduct Identifiers
DesignerAnthony DE Francisci
eBay Product ID (ePID)170464527
Product Key Features
Strike TypeBusiness
Mint LocationPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
Composition90% Silver, 10% Copper
Year1923
Additional Product Features
Mintage38
MintPhiladelphia
Denomination$1
PCGS Number7360